Art and Social Transformations in Spain (1885–1910) is a major exhibition that seeks to analyse, explain and showcase the significance of the transformations that reshaped Spanish art between 1885 and 1910.

Artists of this period moved away from grand historical themes characteristic of 19th-century culture and turned their attention to the immediate realities of contemporary life. Aspects of modern society became central to socially engaged painting at the turn of the century. The exhibition is organised around ten themes: work; education; religion; illness and medicine; death; workplace accidents; prostitution; emigration; poverty and marginalisation; and, finally, strikes and social demands. The exhibition thus follows the development of social painting, from its emergence around the time of the Universal Expositions in Paris to its transformation, as naturalism gradually gave way to a more expressive language and a fully modern sensibility.